Segregated education in Black history refers to a period in the United States when racial segregation was enforced in schools, with Black students attending separate and often inferior educational institutions compared to white students. This practice was a result of the Jim Crow laws that enforced racial segregation and discrimination in the Southern states following the Reconstruction era.

The landmark Supreme Court case of Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896 upheld the constitutionality of "separate but equal" facilities, which allowed for the continuation of segregation in education and other public facilities. However, in 1954, the Supreme Court in the case of Brown v. Board of Education ruled that segregation in public schools was inherently unequal and violated the 14th Amendment's Equal Protection Clause.

Despite this ruling, the process of desegregation was slow and met with resistance in many states, with some schools defying the court order to integrate. It was not until the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s that significant progress was made in dismantling segregated education and achieving greater equality in schools.

The legacy of segregated education continues to impact Black communities today, as disparities in educational resources and opportunities still persist as a result of decades of discrimination and segregation. Efforts to address these disparities and achieve educational equity for all students remain ongoing in the fight for racial justice and equality.